Kendal Town Council area

Kendal (town), Oxenholme

28,586  (2011 Census)

27,504  (2001 Census)

Historical

Ancient Townships

(in area of modern CP)

Kendal (Market Town) - market charter granted in 1189 by King Richard I. 

Kirkland Township

Nether Graveship

Townships became civil parishes in their own right in 1866 (see below).

Kendal Parish  (Holy Trinity)

The ancient parish covered a much larger area compared to the modern civil parish. It included the chapelries of Burneside, Crook, Helsington, Hugil, Old Hutton with Holmescales, Kentmere, Natland, Long Sleddale, Nether and Over Stavely, Underbarrow with Bradley-Field, and Winster, also the townships of Dilliker, Docker, Grayrigg, New Hutton, Kirkland, Lambrigg, Patton, Scalthwaiterigg with Hay and Hutton-i'-th'-Hay, Selside with Whitwell, Skelsmergh, Strickland-Kettle, Strickland-Roger, and Whinfell; and part of the townships of Fawcett-Forest, Nether Graveship, and Undermilbeck.

Ancient parishes refer to the parishes before the split between ecclesiastical (church) and civil parishes in the 19th century. They had a parish church and often were composed of multiple townships and chapelries. In many cases, townships and parishes were originally based on the territory of manors from the feudal system during medieval times. Civil parishes were created following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1866, in which Church of England parishes, extra-parochial areas, townships and chapelries, became "civil parishes" which could set their own poor rate (tax). Then the reforms of Local Government Act 1894 established elected civil parish councils (or parish meetings for parishes with less than 300 residents) and created urban and rural districts. Boundaries of parishes and civil parishes may have changed over time.

Kendal (ward)

Lonsdale (ward) - some parts of the ancient parish.

Kendal Poor Law Union, formed in 1836.

Kendal Poor Law Union had two main workhouses. The first was in Kendal, on Stricklandgate, housing up to 335 inmates. The second was the former Gilbert Union workhouse in Milnthorpe, on Kirkgate Lane, housing up to 300 inmates.  

Under the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 parishes were grouped into Unions, each of which had to build a workhouse if they did not already have one. It ended the old system of locally provided poor relief which had come under strain as numbers out of work grew, following increasing mechanisation of agriculture and the economic downturn after the Napoleonic Wars, along with changing social attitudes. The workhouse provided those unable to support themselves financially with accommodation and work. Inmates were generally segregated into men, women, boys and girls. 

The workhouse system was abolished by the Local Government Act 1929, but many workhouses lived on as ‘Public Assistance Institutions’ until the National Assistance Act 1948.

Westmorland, until 1974, then:

Cumbria, which was created on the 1st of April 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972. The new county absorbed Cumberland and Westmorland, and added some parts of Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire.

District Council:

Kendal Municipal Borough (1835 - 1974)

South Lakeland District (1974 - )  Created by the Local Government Act 1972. The district was formed from parts of Westmorland (Kendal Borough, Windermere Urban District, most of Lakes Urban District, South Westmorland Rural District), parts of Lancashire (Grange Urban District, Ulverston Urban District and North Lonsdale Rural District) and Sedbergh Rural District from the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Major boundry changes

1908 - Kirkland Civil Parish and Nether Graveship were absorbed into Kendal CP.