Bowsden Civil Parish

Bowsden (village), and several farms / hamlets, including Gatherick, Old Dryburn, and Whistlebare

177 (2021 Census)

178 (2011 Census)

158 (2001 Census)

Historical

Ancient Township:

Bowsden Township

Townships generally became civil parishes in their own right in 1866 (see below). However, in the case of Bowsden, it remained part of Lowick Civil Parish, from when the civil parish was formed in 1866, until 1955, when Bowsden became a separate civil parish.

Lowick (St John)

Population: 1,382 in 1801, and 1,941 in 1851.

Gazetteers:

• Lowick Parish (Lewis, 1848)
• Lowick Parish (Whellan, 1855)

Ancient parishes refer to the parishes before the split between ecclesiastical (church) and civil parishes in the 19th century. They had a parish church and often were composed of multiple townships and chapelries. In many cases, townships and parishes were originally based on the territory of manors from the feudal system during medieval times. Civil parishes were created following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1866, in which Church of England parishes, extra-parochial areas, townships and chapelries, became "civil parishes" which could set their own poor rate (tax). Then the reforms of Local Government Act 1894 established elected civil parish councils (or parish meetings for parishes with less than 300 residents) and created urban and rural districts. Boundaries of parishes and civil parishes may have changed over time.

Glendale (ward)

Glendale Poor Law Union, formed in 1836.

Glendale Union Workhouse was located on Wooler High Street, built in 1839 to house up to 70 inmates. 

Under the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 parishes were grouped into Unions, each of which had to build a workhouse if they did not already have one. It ended the old system of locally provided poor relief which had come under strain as numbers out of work grew, following increasing mechanisation of agriculture and the economic downturn after the Napoleonic Wars, along with changing social attitudes. The workhouse provided those unable to support themselves financially with accommodation and work. Inmates were generally segregated into men, women, boys and girls. 

The workhouse system was abolished by the Local Government Act 1929, but many workhouses lived on as ‘Public Assistance Institutions’ until the National Assistance Act 1948.

District Council:

Glendale Rural District (1894 - 1974). The district was abolished in 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972.

Berwick-upon-Tweed Borough (1974 - 2009). Berwick-upon-Tweed district covered the previous borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed, Belford Rural District, Glendale Rural District and Norham and Islandshires Rural District.

The district council was abolished when Northumberland County Council became a unitary authority on the 1st of April 2009. 

Major boundary change:

On the 1st April 1955, Bowsden Civil Parish (of 3521 acres) was created from part of Lowick Civil Parish.

County / Unitary Authority

In 1572 Parliament passed a bill annexing Hexham and Hexamshire to the County of Northumberland.

The ancient county of Northumberland was enlarged following the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844; Bedlingtonshire, Norhamshire, Islandshire, the Farne Islands and Monks' House all became part of Northumberland. Up to then they had been enclaves of County Durham.

Northumberland County Council formed 1889.

Major boundary changes came into effect on the 1st April 1974. This followed the Local Government Act 1972, which formed the non-metropolitan county of Northumberland. This excluded the City of Newcastle upon Tyne and North Tyneside, which up to then had been part of Northumberland, but now became part of the newly formed Tyne & Wear.

Northumberland County Council became a unitary authority on the 1st of April 2009.