Timeline: 1910s

1910s Timeline

There were a pair of coal-fired power stations, on the riverside at Dunston, which were a prominent local landmark. Dunston 'A' was commissioned in 1910, and was one of the largest power stations in the country at the time. It also has an early open cycle gas turbine generator, as well as the main coal fired units. The second power station, Dunston 'B', was commissioned in 1933 and had replaced 'A' by 1950. The power station was largely demolished in 1986.

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042797:Power Station Dunston c1950
from Newcastle libraries (flickr)
042797:Power Station Dunston c1950

In Whitley Bay, the Dome, a theatre and two wings of shop units were opened by the Whitley Pleasure Gardens Co. on the 14th of May 1910. At that time, Spanish City had the second largest dome in the country; only St. Paul’s Cathedral in London was larger. Thousands of visitors walked through the new entrance hall before entering the theatre or the fairground.

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The new railway station in Whitley Bay was opened on the 9th October 1910, replacing an earlier station of 1882. From 1904 the coastal route from Tynemouth to Monkseaton was served by electric trains commonly known as "Tyneside Electrics". The new station was built to meet growing use by both tourists and commuters travelling to work in Newcastle. The building was designed by William Bell of York, who later decided to retire to Whitley Bay.

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On the night of the 1911 Census, Emily Davison illegally hid in a broom cupboard in the House of Parliament. This was so that she could record her address for the Census as the House of Commons - to make the claim for the same political rights as men, at a time when women did not have the vote.

 

< Plaque in the House of Commons erected by Tony Benn.

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The iconic Arches were completed in 1911, built for Armstrong College. The King Edward VII Building (now housing the Hatton Gallery) was also opened that year. The adjoining building (now part of the Architecture Building) was completed 2 years later.

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A modestly sized walled garden, located just north of Lindisfarne Castle, was designed by Gertrude Jekyll - a renowned Arts and Crafts garden designer, writer and artist. The garden was established in 1911 on the site of a vegetable patch, which once provided food for the soldiers of the Castle. Jekyll's friend Edwin Lutyens was remodelling the castle for Edward Hudson at that time, and planned out the geometric paving layout to make the garden seem larger.

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The Hall, which belongs to St Alban's Church, was built 1910-1911 and was a gift to Earsdon by Edward Eccles, J.P. The arts and crafts-style building was designed by Wilkinson and Crawley.

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The first trolleybus systems in the UK were in Bradford and Leeds, both opening on the 20th of June 1911. The network in Leeds closed in 1928, but the system in Bradford ran up to the 26th March 1972.

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Tees Transporter Bridge

October 17, 1911

The Tees Transporter Bridge was opened on the 17th of October 1911 by Prince Arthur of Connaught. The bridge over the River Tees connects Middlesbrough, on the south bank, to Port Clarence, on the north bank. It is a transporter bridge, which carries a hanging 'gondola' across the river. The gondola can carry 9 cars. It carries the A178 Middlesbrough to Hartlepool road. Locally the bridge is nicknamed 'The Tranny'.

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St Hilda's Colliery Band from South Shields progressed from the regional finals to go on and win the brass band National Championship of Great Britain in 1912. The finals were held at Crystal Palace in London on the 28th of September 1912. The test piece played was William Tell by Gioachino Rossini (arr. William Rimmer). The band had begun in 1869, originally called Dennison's Family Band, but renamed St Hilda Colliery Band in 1906, after winning 13 local competitions.

Source: brassbandresults.co.uk

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Newcastle Tuberculosis Dispensary was established in February 1913, following the National Insurance Act of 1911. The Act made all forms of tuberculosis notifiable diseases, and required local authorities to provide chest clinics. In December 1914, the Newcastle Tuberculosis Dispensary was relocated to Ridley Villas, 91 New Bridge Street, by the junction with Falconer Street. In c.1952 it was renamed "Newcastle Chest Clinic (East)" following the opening of a West clinic in Walkergate. The clinic closed in c.1972.

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Emily Davison left her Mother's house in Longhorsely, Northumberland, to travel by train to protest at the Epsom Derby. 

House in Longhorsely, which once belonged to the Mother of Emily Davison

The house in Longhorsley. Photo from Geograph

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Emily Davison's body was taken by train from Newcastle to Morpeth on the morning of 15th June, 1913. A procession of about 100 Suffragettes accompanied the coffin from the station to the Church of St. Mary the Virgin. Thousands of people came to watch the procession. 

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The Austria-Hungarian Empire declared war on the Kindom of Serbia on the 28th of July 1914, effectively beginning the First World War. This followed the killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria, and his wife by a Serbian nationalist in Sarajevo, one month earlier. Serbia was unwilling to comply with an ulimatum with harsh demands made by Austria on the 23rd of July. Germany had given assurances of support to their Austria-Hungarian allies in the event of war with Serbia.

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Germany declared war on Russia on the 1st of August 1914.

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Germany declared war on France on the 3rd of August 1914. Belgium refuses to grant permission for German forces to pass through Belgian territory to the French border.

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Britain declared war on Germany on the 4th August 1914 hours after Germany began to invade Belgium in order to outflank the French army. Britain had a mutual defence agreement with Belgium and existing treaties with France and Russia. German control of Belgium was a serious threat to Britain, given the close proximity of Belgian ports to the English coast.

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During the First World War the King Edward VII Building was requisitioned to house the 1st Northern General Hospital. This was staffed by students and staff associated with the Medical School. Over the course of the war the hospital took in at least 41,896 servicemen. In 1914 the hospital had 420 beds but by 1917 this number had risen to 2,166.
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The Imperial German Navy made major attacks on Scarborough, Hartlepool, West Hartlepool, and Whitby on the 16th of December 1914. The attack on Hartlepool killed 93, including the first soldier to be killed on British soil by enemy action in the First World War, and injured 436. Around 1,150 shells were fired at the town.

These raids on had a major effect upon British public opinion, and became part of a British propaganda campaign, 'Remember Scarborough', used on army recruitment posters.
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in 1915, King George V. & Lord Kitchener reviewd troops at Newcastle Town Moor.

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Monkseaton Station

July 25, 1915

The railway station at Monkseaton opened 25th July 1915, replacing the former Whitley Junction station of 1860, which was located in what is now Souter Park. When the station was opened in 1915 electric trains ran from the coast to Newcastle, later switching to diesel trains. Now a Metro station.

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Conscription -1916

January 1916

Conscription to the armed forces during the First World War began in January 1916 with the Military Service Act being passed by Parliament. This applied to all single men aged between 18 and 41, but with exemptions for the medically unfit, clergymen, teachers and certain groups of industrial workers. In May 1916 a second Act extended conscription to married men.

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The Battle of the Somme took place between 1st July and 18th November 1916 during the First World War. The campaign was intended to hasten a victory for the Allies; it was fought as trench warfare along sections of the Western Front, on the land around upper reaches of the River Somme in France. Over 3 million men fought in the battle, and 1 million were killed or wounded. It was the first battle to involve tanks, which were still at the early stages of development.

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The Imperial War Graves Commission (later named the Commonwealth War Graves Commission) was founded on the 21st of May 1917.

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Royal Air Force Sergeant Pilot Officer Joyce, returning from a mission, lost his life when his plane crashed just outside of Annfield Plain. A memorial iby the site of the crash  is inscribed "It was here that Pilot Officer Joyce met his death on the night of March 13 1918."

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Blyth Spartans Ladies F.C. won the Munitionettes Cup in 1918. They beat the Bolckow-Vaughan team in the final of the knock-out competition, in which 30 teams participated. The final was held at Ayresome Park in Middlesbrough on the 18th of May 1918. Bella Reay scored one goal and 14 year old Mary Lyons scored a hat-trick, in front of a crowd of 22,000. The final score was 4-0.[1]

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The Teesside Trolleybus System opened on the 8th of November 1919. The system was in fact ready for early 1916, but not the buses, because of wartime shortages. It was unusual in being a completely new system, rather than replacing existing tramways, as was common elsewhere. The system was initiated by Bolckow Vaughan steelmakers who led the formation of the North Ormesby, South Bank, Normanby and Grangetown Railless Traction Co. in 1912. Bolckow Vaughan (later called Dorman Long) needed the system to transport workers from the rapidly growing areas around Middlesbrough to it's steelmaking plants and factories. 

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January 1, 1920

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Dunston Power Station

Spanish City and Pleasure Gardens

Whitley Bay Railway Station

House of Parliament - Broom Cupboard

The Arches and new buildings for Armstrong College

Gertrude Jekyll Garden - Holy Island

Edward Eccles Church Hall, Earsdon

First UK Trolleybus Systems

Tees Transporter Bridge

St Hilda's Colliery Band - National Champions

Newcastle Tuberculosis Dispensary

Leaving Longhorsely

Funeral Procession - Morpeth

Outbreak of the First World War

Germany declares war on Russia

Germany declares war on France

Britain joins the Great War

First World War Hospital

Naval Bombardment of Scarborough, Hartlepool & Whitby

King George V. reviewd troops at Newcastle Town Moor.

Monkseaton Station

Conscription -1916

Battle of the Somme

Imperial War Graves Commission

Loud Hill Memorial, Annfield Plain

Blyth Spartans Ladies F.C. - cup winners

Teesside Trolleybus System

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